Many people are embarrassed to talk about rectal troubles. But seeing your doctor about problems in this area is important -- especially if you have pain or bleeding. Treatments vary depending on the particular problem, but the guidelines for screening remain the same. Adults age 50 to 75 should be screened for colorectal cancer. The decision to be screened after age 75 should be made on an individual basis. If you are older than 75, ask your doctor if you should be screened.
“Colorectal cancer almost always develops from precancerous polyps (abnormal growths) in the colon or rectum,” says Rafael Figueroa, MD, colorectal surgeon. “Screening tests can find precancerous polyps so that they can be removed before they turn into cancer. Screening tests can also find colorectal cancer early, when treatment works best.”
Several screening tests can be used to find polyps or colorectal cancer. Ask your doctor which test is best for you, and check with your insurance provider to find out which tests are covered and how much you will have to pay. Medicare helps pay for colorectal cancer screening.
Here are questions you should ask your doctor:
Do I need to get a screening test for colorectal cancer?
What screening test(s) do you recommend for me?
How do I prepare? Do I need to change my diet or my usual medication schedule?
What’s involved in the test? Will it be uncomfortable or painful?
Is there any risk involved?
When and from whom will I get results?
Will I need to bring someone with me?
According to Dr. Figueroa, some people are at increased risk because they have inflammatory bowel disease, a personal or family history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer, or genetic syndromes. “These people may need to start screening earlier,” he says. “If you believe you are at increased risk, ask your doctor if you should begin screening before age 50.”
If You Have Symptoms
Tell your doctor if you have any of the following symptoms:
Blood in or on your stool (bowel movement).
Stomach pain, aches, or cramps that do not go away.
Unexplained weight loss.
These symptoms may be caused by something other than cancer, but the only way to know what is causing them is to speak with your doctor.
Learn more about Dr. Figueroa here.